This model simulates the gain/loss when two companies A and B both issue
new shares that they will exchange, so as to partially acquire
each other. This is also called a partial stock swap, and the Swap Ratio
is the number of new shares issued by company A divided by the number of
new shares issued by company B.
Whether this results in a gain or loss to the shareholders of the two
companies, depends on how many new shares are issued and swapped, compared
to the intrinsic values of the two companies. This is only a
"zero-sum game" when the fees are zero.
You should NOT adjust the intrinsic value for tax on dividends and capital
gains, because that would distort the calculations. You also cannot specify
the dividend tax in this model, because it cancels out in the formulas.
(A) ULTA Earnings = Net Profit Margin (2014-2023) x Sales (2023)
(B) SBH Earnings = Net Profit Margin (2011-2023) x Sales (2022-2023)
Both companies:
Zero Real Growth
Discount Rate = normal dist 10% mean, 1% std.dev.
This plot shows the probability distributions for the Intrinsic
Values of the two companies A and B to their current shareholders
before the stock swap.
The two plots also show the current Market-Caps as dashed blue lines,
so you can easily see how they compare to the Intrinsic Values.
This histogram shows the Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV) for the
current shareholders of company A, when swapping 300k new shares in company A
with 10m new shares in company B
(Swap Ratio 0.03), corresponding to
0.585% of total shares in company A and
8.33% of total shares in company B.
>99.9% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
ROIV is invalid when the intrinsic value is zero or negative.
ROIS also works in those cases.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company A.
This histogram shows the Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV) for the
current shareholders of company B, when swapping 300k new shares in company A
with 10m new shares in company B
(Swap Ratio 0.03), corresponding to
0.585% of total shares in company A and
8.33% of total shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
ROIV is invalid when the intrinsic value is zero or negative.
ROIS also works in those cases.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company B.
This histogram shows the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for the
current shareholders of company A, when swapping 300k new shares in company A
with 10m new shares in company B
(Swap Ratio 0.03), corresponding to
0.585% of total shares in company A and
8.33% of total shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company A.
This histogram shows the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for the
current shareholders of company B, when swapping 300k new shares in company A
with 10m new shares in company B
(Swap Ratio 0.03), corresponding to
0.585% of total shares in company A and
8.33% of total shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company B.
This 2D histogram shows how different Swap Ratios would impact the
Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV) for the current shareholders of
company A, when swapping
10m × Swap Ratio
new shares in company A with 10m
new shares in company B.
>99.9% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
ROIV is invalid when the intrinsic value is zero or negative.
ROIS also works in those cases.
The x-axis shows a range of Swap Ratios around
0.03, which is marked as a dashed blue line.
The y-axis shows the Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV)
for the current shareholders of company A.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company A, when the Swap Ratio is
0.03.
This 2D histogram shows how different Swap Ratios would impact the
Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV) for the current shareholders of
company B, when swapping
10m × Swap Ratio
new shares in company A with 10m
new shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
ROIV is invalid when the intrinsic value is zero or negative.
ROIS also works in those cases.
The x-axis shows a range of Swap Ratios around
0.03, which is marked as a dashed blue line.
The y-axis shows the Return on Intrinsic Value (ROIV)
for the current shareholders of company B.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company B, when the Swap Ratio is
0.03.
This 2D histogram shows how different Swap Ratios would impact
the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for the current shareholders of
company A, when swapping
10m × Swap Ratio
new shares in company A with 10m
new shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
It is not a mistake that this plot looks quite different from the ROIS plot
for the other company. It is because the new number of shares in company B
is held constant at 10m, while the new number
of shares in company A varies with the Swap Ratio. This means the issuance
amount for company B is constant in the calculation of its ROIS ratio,
while the issuance amount varies in the calculation of the ROIS ratio for
company A. This tends to make the plot for company A look more curved,
while the plot for company B looks more linear.
The x-axis shows a range of Swap Ratios around
0.03, which is marked as a dashed blue line.
The y-axis shows the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for
the current shareholders of company A.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company A, when the Swap Ratio is
0.03.
This 2D histogram shows how different Swap Ratios would impact
the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for the current shareholders of
company B, when swapping
10m × Swap Ratio
new shares in company A with 10m
new shares in company B.
100% of 500k simulation trials had valid results. Outliers >10.0 IQR are removed.
It is not a mistake that this plot looks quite different from the ROIS plot
for the other company. It is because the new number of shares in company B
is held constant at 10m, while the new number
of shares in company A varies with the Swap Ratio. This means the issuance
amount for company B is constant in the calculation of its ROIS ratio,
while the issuance amount varies in the calculation of the ROIS ratio for
company A. This tends to make the plot for company A look more curved,
while the plot for company B looks more linear.
The x-axis shows a range of Swap Ratios around
0.03, which is marked as a dashed blue line.
The y-axis shows the Return on Issuance (ROIS) for
the current shareholders of company B.
The red box at the bottom shows the probability of loss for the current
shareholders of company B, when the Swap Ratio is
0.03.